Chapter 8
1. Compare the success of finch hybrids before the el niño of 1983
with those hatched afterwards.
Chapter 9
1. Why does Peter Grant describe evolution as "change in
variation?"
2. Why was there so much debate over whether natural selection
could give rise to new species?
Chapter 10
1. What are Darwin's "incipient species?"
2. What is adaptive radiation?
3. How did Darwin imagine the "principle of divergence"
would lead to new species?
4. What is meant by competitive exclusion? Character displacement?
5. How do Dolph Schluter's findings support the theory of
character displacement?
6. What is meant by an adaptive landscape?
Chapter 11
1. What are the "invisible coasts" described in this
chapter?
2. In what ways are species more "fluid" than even 20th
century biologists might have believed? To what extent was Darwin's
description of species as "convenient constructions" accurate? Are species
real?
Chapter 12
1. Do Benkman's and Lindholm's research on crossbills support the
notion that gradual evolution can lead to the appearance of complex
adaptations? Explain.
2. How are the stickleback fishes in British Columbian lakes
studied by Dolph Schluter and John Donald McPhail similar to Darwin's
finches?
Chapter 13
1. How have the finch populations on Daphne Major responded to the
changing adaptive landscape?
2. How might hybridization aid in a species' shift to a new
adaptive peak in the landscape?
Chapter 14
1. What role does inductive reasoning
play in science?
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